Double Ninth Festival
The 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival, or Double Ninth Festival. It usually falls in October in the Gregorian calendar. In an ancient and mysterious book Yi Jing, or The Book of Changes, number "6" was thought to be of Yin character, meaning feminine or negative, while number "9" was thought to be Yang, meaning masculine or positive. So the number nine in both month and day create the Double Ninth Festival, or Chongyang Festival. Chong in Chinese means "double." Also, as double ninth was pronounced the same as the word to signify "forever", both are "Jiu Jiu," the Chinese ancestors considered it an auspicious day worth celebration. That's why ancient Chinese began to celebrate this festival long time ago.
The custom of ascending a height to avoid epidemics was passed down from long time ago. Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival is also called "Height Ascending Festival". The height people will reach is usually a mountain or a tower. Ancient literary figures have left many poems depicting the activity. Even today, people still swarm to famous or little known mountains on this day.
On this day, people will eat Double Ninth Gao (or Cake). In Chinese, gao (cake) has the same pronunciation with gao (height). People do so just to hope progress in everything they are engaged in. There is no fixed ways for the Double Ninth Cake, but super cakes will have as many as nine layers, looking like a tower.
The Double Ninth Festival is also a time when chrysanthemum blooms. China boasts diversified species of chrysanthemum and people have loved them since ancient times. So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes a key activity on this festival. Also, people will drink chrysanthemum wine. Women used to stick such a flower into their hair or hang its branches on windows or doors to avoid evilness.
In 1989, the Chinese government decided the Double Ninth Festival as Seniors' Day. Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities will organize an autumn trip each year for those who have retired from their posts. At the waterside or on the mountains, the seniors will find themselves merged into nature. Younger generations will bring elder ones to suburban areas or send gifts to them on this day.
農(nóng)歷九月九日，為傳統(tǒng)的重陽(yáng)節(jié)。因?yàn)楣爬系摹兑捉?jīng)》中把“六”定為陰數(shù)，把“九”定為陽(yáng)數(shù)，九月九日，日月并陽(yáng)，兩九相重，故而叫重陽(yáng)，也叫重九，古人認(rèn)為是個(gè)值得慶賀的吉利日子，并且從很早就開(kāi)始過(guò)此節(jié)日。
在古代，民間在重陽(yáng)有登高的風(fēng)俗，故重陽(yáng)節(jié)又叫“登高節(jié)”。相傳此風(fēng)俗始于東漢。唐代文人所寫(xiě)的登高詩(shī)很多，大多是寫(xiě)重陽(yáng)節(jié)的習(xí)俗；杜甫的七律《登高》，就是寫(xiě)重陽(yáng)登高的名篇。登高所到之處，沒(méi)有劃一的規(guī)定，一般是登高山、登高塔。
在這一天，人們還有吃“重陽(yáng)糕”的習(xí)俗。在漢語(yǔ)里，“糕”與“高”同音，”，人們會(huì)用“吃糕”代替“登高”，祝愿百事俱高。重陽(yáng)糕又稱(chēng)花糕、菊糕、五色糕，制無(wú)定法，較為隨意。最高的有九層，像一個(gè)塔。
重陽(yáng)節(jié)正是一年的金秋時(shí)節(jié)，菊花盛開(kāi)，民間還把農(nóng)歷九月稱(chēng)為“菊月”，在菊花傲霜怒放的重陽(yáng)節(jié)里，觀(guān)賞菊花成了節(jié)日的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容，當(dāng)然，人們也會(huì)喝一些菊花酒。女人會(huì)把茱萸插在頭上或掛在門(mén)口，可以避難消災(zāi)。
今天的重陽(yáng)節(jié)，被賦予了新的含義，在1989年，我國(guó)把每年的九月九日定為老人節(jié)，傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代巧妙地結(jié)合，成為尊老、敬老、愛(ài)老、助老的老年人的節(jié)日。全國(guó)各機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體、街道，往往都在此時(shí)組織從工作崗位上退下來(lái)的老人們秋游賞景，或臨水玩樂(lè)，或登山健體，讓身心都沐浴在大自然的懷抱里；不少家庭的晚輩也會(huì)攙扶著年老的長(zhǎng)輩到郊外活動(dòng)或?yàn)槔先藴?zhǔn)備一些可口的飲食。
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