2024年突破中考必備語法——過去將來時

1

過去將來時的定義

過去將來時主要用于表示過去某個時候看來即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。

例如：

He said he would come here next Friday.

他說他下周星期五來這兒。

I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble.

我知道當(dāng)我們陷入困境時它會幫助我們。

2

過去將來時的構(gòu)成

1. would + 動詞原形。

例如：

She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term.

她告訴我們說她將盡一切努力在本期趕上其他同學(xué)們。

When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you.

過去當(dāng)你請她幫忙時，他絕不會拒絕。

2. was / were going to + 動詞原形。

例如：

He told us that he was going to attend the meeting.

他告訴我說他要參加那次會議。

He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station.

他說將要派我去火車站接她。

3. was / were to + 動詞原形。

例如：

The building was to be completed next month.

這座建筑改在下個月竣工。

Li Lei was to arrive soon.

李蕾很快就要到了。

4. was / were about to + 動詞原形。

例如：

We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly.

就在我們要離開時，天突然下起了大雨。

He was about to have lunch when the bell rang.

就在他要吃中飯的時候，門鈴響起來了。

5. was / were +現(xiàn)在分詞。

例如：

He was leaving the next day.

他第二天要走了。

We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon.

我們接到通知說領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們很快要來我們學(xué)校。

3

過去將來時用法

1. 過去將來時，一般用于主句為過去時的賓語從句中。

例如：

He said he would stay with us.

他說他要與我們待在一起。

He said he would never go there again.

他說他絕不會再去那兒。

2. 過去將來時，用于虛擬語氣中。

例如：

If I were you, I would not do that.

我要是你的話，我就不會那樣做。

If he were here, he would show us how to do it.

如果他在這兒，他就會向我們展示該如何做了。

4

拓展

was / were going to + 動詞原形；was / were to + 動詞原形；was / were about to + 動詞原形等結(jié)構(gòu)都可表達當(dāng)時一種未曾實現(xiàn)的意圖或打算。

例如：

The conference was going to be held the next month.

會議下個月開。

We were to have our class at eight.

八點我們該上課了。

I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in.

就在我要告訴他時，吳東進來了。

5

真題演練

1、（2019江蘇無錫）--–Uncle Sam said he ____ my birthday party, but he never showed up.

---That’s Uncle Sam. He forgets everything!

A. will attend

B. would attend

C. has attended

D. had attended

【解析】正確答案是B。句意是：山姆大叔說，他要來參加我的生日聚會，可是他卻沒有露面。山姆大叔就是那樣的。他忘記啦!因為主句謂語動詞為一般過去時 said，所以，賓語從句表示的是過去將要發(fā)生的動作，因此從句的謂語動詞使用過去將來時“would+動詞原形或 was/were going to +動詞原形”，所以，正確答案為 B。

2、---What did your son say in the letter?

---He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day．

A.will visit

B.is going to visit

C.has visited

D.would visit

【解析】正確答案是 B。從本題的答語部分我們可以看出，“告訴”這個動作發(fā)生在過去，而“參觀”這個動作應(yīng)發(fā)生在“告訴”之后.故本題的時態(tài)應(yīng)用過去將來時，即答案選 D.

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