中考英語語法幾大基本時(shí)態(tài)與練習(xí)(4)

　　例句

　　It was snowing last night.

　　We were listening to music thewhole morning yesterday.

　　注意，此時(shí)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)是和一般過去時(shí)態(tài)有明顯的差別的。前者表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（可能沒完成），而后者往往表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。

　　例句

　　I was reading a storybook lastnight. （強(qiáng)調(diào)昨晚一直在看，可能未看完）。

　　I read a storybook lastnight.  （只是表達(dá)動(dòng)作昨晚看故事書了，已看完）。

　　九、過去將來時(shí)

　　過去將來時(shí)態(tài)表示從過去某一時(shí)間來看要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用的時(shí)間狀語有thenext day, the next year等。

　　1.構(gòu)成

　　和一般將來時(shí)態(tài)相對(duì)應(yīng)，其構(gòu)成常用以下兩種，“would + 動(dòng)詞原形”和“was / were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形”。此外，還可用was / wereto do sth.和限于某些瞬間動(dòng)詞come, go, leave等的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)來表示過去將來。

　　2.用法

　�。�1）常用于賓語從句中。eg:He told me he would come here by train the next week.

　　【中考鏈接】The Japanese asked when Lucy_________ the USA.   （山西）)

　　A. flying to   B. will fly to   C. would fly to   D. flew for

　　【解析】選C。主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為asked, 從當(dāng)時(shí)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作要用過去將來時(shí)。故選C。

　�。�2）敘述發(fā)生在過去的故事。

　　It was a sunny morning. A boyran on the road and he was going to …

　�。�3）表示過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作常用would+ do 來表示，相當(dāng)于uesd to do，意為“過去常常”。

　　He would often put up his handin class when he was young.

　　= He uesd to put up his handin class when he was young.

　　十、過去完成時(shí)

　　過去完成時(shí)態(tài)常用來表示在“過去的過去”發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，也可用來表示在“過去的過去”發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到“過去”，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為had+done。

　　1. 表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。也就是我們常說的“過去的過去”，與之常連用的時(shí)間狀語有by last week, by the end of last year等。并且過去完成時(shí)常出現(xiàn)在由when, before, after引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句中。

　　We had finished our homeworkwhen class was over.

　　By the time we got there, hehad left.

　　【中考鏈接】By the end of last year, we_______ more than 2,000 words.

　　A. learned  B. have learned   C. had learned    （青海）

　　【解析】選C。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語by the end of last year, 說的是“到去年年底為止”，故句子用完成時(shí)態(tài)。

　　2. 表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直持續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for, since等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用，句中需用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

　　He said he had been a teachersince 2001.

　　The film had been on 10minutes when we got to the cinima.

　　3. 常用在賓語從句中，此時(shí)主句為一般過去時(shí)。

　　He told me he had finishedwriting the novel.

　　【中考鏈接】

　　---Why did Miss Wang look soworied when we saw her?

　　---Because she wondered______. （南京）

　　A. where did the otherstudents go

　　B. when would the policemancome

　　C. what her students have doneduring the trip

　　D. if her students hadsurvived the earthquake.

　　【解析】選D。此題考查賓語從句。賓語從句要用陳述句語序，所以排除A和B。賓語從句和主句的時(shí)態(tài)要保持一致，主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，即過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，所以選D。

　　備戰(zhàn)中考

　�。�  ）1. Our teacher, Mr.Zhang, _____ English on theradio three days ago.

　　A. teaches  B. taught

　　C. will teach   D. had taught

　　（  ）2. --- Were you at home at 10 o’clock last night?

　　--- Yes.I _____ TV at thattime.

　　A. watched  B. was watching

　　C. was watched   D. am watching

　�。�  ）3. Parick said he _____ his grandpa next Saturday.

　　A. will visit   B. were going to visit

　　C. would visit   D. is going to visit

　　（  ）4. When the ambulance came, he _____ for threeminutes.

　　A. died  B. has died

　　C. had died   D. had been dead

　�。�  ）5. Bill _____ to work in his hometown after hegraduated from Beijng.

　　A. goes  B. went

　　C. will go   D. had gone

　�。�  ）6. --- Did he tell you when he ____- to school?

　　--- No, he didn’t.

　　A. returned    B. will return

　　C. would return   D. has returned

　�。�  ）7. While he _____ his homework, his mother cameback.

　　A. was doing  B. is doing

　　C. did  D. would do

　�。�  ）8. --- Has he returne the money to you yet?

　　--- Not yet. But he said he _____ itsoon.

　　A. returned   B. has returned

　　C. will return   D. would return

　�。�  ）9. --- When ___ you ____this white car?

　　---Three weeks ago.

　　A. did, buy  B. do, buy

　　C. have, bought   D. will, buy

　�。�  ）10. I really wanted to know how many tree you_____.

　　A. have planted  B. had planted

　　C. will plant   D. will planted

　　參考答案

　　1-5 BBCDB  6-10 CADAB

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